13 files changed, 171 insertions, 24 deletions
diff --git a/src/Common/BootEncryption.cpp b/src/Common/BootEncryption.cpp
index c01a8b4b..ae57dc37 100644
--- a/src/Common/BootEncryption.cpp
+++ b/src/Common/BootEncryption.cpp
@@ -1383,7 +1383,12 @@ namespace VeraCrypt
 		request.WipeAlgorithm = wipeAlgorithm;
 		
 		if (Randinit() != ERR_SUCCESS)
-			throw ParameterIncorrect (SRC_POS);
+		{
+			if (CryptoAPILastError == ERROR_SUCCESS)
+				throw RandInitFailed (SRC_POS, GetLastError ());
+			else
+				throw CryptoApiFailed (SRC_POS, CryptoAPILastError);
+		}
 
 		/* force the display of the random enriching dialog */
 		SetRandomPoolEnrichedByUserStatus (FALSE);
@@ -1421,9 +1426,17 @@ namespace VeraCrypt
 
 	void BootEncryption::WipeHiddenOSCreationConfig ()
 	{
-		if (IsHiddenOSRunning() || Randinit() != ERR_SUCCESS)
+		if (IsHiddenOSRunning())
 			throw ParameterIncorrect (SRC_POS);
 
+		if (Randinit() != ERR_SUCCESS)
+		{
+			if (CryptoAPILastError == ERROR_SUCCESS)
+				throw RandInitFailed (SRC_POS, GetLastError ());
+			else
+				throw CryptoApiFailed (SRC_POS, CryptoAPILastError);
+		}
+
 		Device device (GetSystemDriveConfiguration().DevicePath);
 		device.CheckOpened();
 		byte mbr[TC_SECTOR_SIZE_BIOS];
@@ -2280,7 +2293,13 @@ namespace VeraCrypt
 			RandSetHashFunction (pkcs5);
 		}
 
-		throw_sys_if (Randinit () != 0);
+		if (Randinit() != 0)
+		{
+			if (CryptoAPILastError == ERROR_SUCCESS)
+				throw RandInitFailed (SRC_POS, GetLastError ());
+			else
+				throw CryptoApiFailed (SRC_POS, CryptoAPILastError);
+		}
 		finally_do ({ RandStop (FALSE); });
 
 		/* force the display of the random enriching dialog */
diff --git a/src/Common/Dlgcode.c b/src/Common/Dlgcode.c
index 5f5d2216..94b1fc05 100644
--- a/src/Common/Dlgcode.c
+++ b/src/Common/Dlgcode.c
@@ -461,11 +461,11 @@ int RemoveFakeDosName (char *lpszDiskFile, char *lpszDosDevice)
 }
 
 
-void AbortProcess (char *stringId)
+void AbortProcessDirect (wchar_t *abortMsg)
 {
 	// Note that this function also causes localcleanup() to be called (see atexit())
 	MessageBeep (MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
-	MessageBoxW (NULL, GetString (stringId), lpszTitle, ICON_HAND);
+	MessageBoxW (NULL, abortMsg, lpszTitle, ICON_HAND);
 	if (hRichEditDll)
 	{
 		FreeLibrary (hRichEditDll);
@@ -474,6 +474,12 @@ void AbortProcess (char *stringId)
 	exit (1);
 }
 
+void AbortProcess (char *stringId)
+{
+	// Note that this function also causes localcleanup() to be called (see atexit())
+	AbortProcessDirect (GetString (stringId));
+}
+
 void AbortProcessSilent (void)
 {
 	if (hRichEditDll)
@@ -4076,6 +4082,18 @@ void handleError (HWND hwndDlg, int code)
 		MessageBoxW (hwndDlg, szTmp, lpszTitle, ICON_HAND);
 		break;
 
+#ifndef SETUP
+	case ERR_RAND_INIT_FAILED:
+		StringCbPrintfW (szTmp, sizeof(szTmp), GetString ("INIT_RAND"), SRC_POS, GetLastError ());
+		MessageBoxW (hwndDlg, szTmp, lpszTitle, MB_ICONERROR);
+		break;
+
+	case ERR_CAPI_INIT_FAILED:
+		StringCbPrintfW (szTmp, sizeof(szTmp), GetString ("CAPI_RAND"), SRC_POS, CryptoAPILastError);
+		MessageBoxW (hwndDlg, szTmp, lpszTitle, MB_ICONERROR);
+		break;
+#endif
+
 	default:
 		StringCbPrintfW (szTmp, sizeof(szTmp), GetString ("ERR_UNKNOWN"), code);
 		MessageBoxW (hwndDlg, szTmp, lpszTitle, ICON_HAND);
@@ -5009,7 +5027,10 @@ exit:
 	return 0;
 }
 
-
+/* Randinit is always called before UserEnrichRandomPool, so we don't need
+ * the extra Randinit call here since it will always succeed but we keep it
+ * for clarity purposes
+ */
 void UserEnrichRandomPool (HWND hwndDlg)
 {
 	if ((0 == Randinit()) && !IsRandomPoolEnrichedByUser())
@@ -5060,7 +5081,7 @@ BOOL CALLBACK KeyfileGeneratorDlgProc (HWND hwndDlg, UINT msg, WPARAM wParam, LP
 #ifndef VOLFORMAT			
 			if (Randinit ()) 
 			{
-				Error ("INIT_RAND", hwndDlg);
+				handleError (hwndDlg, (CryptoAPILastError == ERROR_SUCCESS)? ERR_RAND_INIT_FAILED : ERR_CAPI_INIT_FAILED);
 				EndDialog (hwndDlg, IDCLOSE);
 			}
 #endif
@@ -9236,7 +9257,12 @@ int ReEncryptVolumeHeader (HWND hwndDlg, char *buffer, BOOL bBoot, CRYPTO_INFO *
 	RandSetHashFunction (cryptoInfo->pkcs5);
 
 	if (Randinit() != ERR_SUCCESS)
-		return ERR_PARAMETER_INCORRECT;
+	{
+		if (CryptoAPILastError == ERROR_SUCCESS)
+			return ERR_RAND_INIT_FAILED;
+		else
+			return ERR_CAPI_INIT_FAILED;
+	}
 
 	UserEnrichRandomPool (NULL);
 
diff --git a/src/Common/Dlgcode.h b/src/Common/Dlgcode.h
index 8f6314eb..96d5e865 100644
--- a/src/Common/Dlgcode.h
+++ b/src/Common/Dlgcode.h
@@ -226,6 +226,7 @@ void UpperCaseCopy ( char *lpszDest , size_t cbDest, const char *lpszSource );
 void CreateFullVolumePath ( char *lpszDiskFile , size_t cbDiskFile, const char *lpszFileName , BOOL *bDevice );
 int FakeDosNameForDevice ( const char *lpszDiskFile , char *lpszDosDevice , size_t cbDosDevice, char *lpszCFDevice , size_t cbCFDevice, BOOL bNameOnly );
 int RemoveFakeDosName ( char *lpszDiskFile , char *lpszDosDevice );
+void AbortProcessDirect ( wchar_t *abortMsg );
 void AbortProcess ( char *stringId );
 void AbortProcessSilent ( void );
 void *err_malloc ( size_t size );
diff --git a/src/Common/Exception.h b/src/Common/Exception.h
index e5d4fd4c..0883df14 100644
--- a/src/Common/Exception.h
+++ b/src/Common/Exception.h
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 
 #include "Platform/PlatformBase.h"
 #include "Dlgcode.h"
+#include <strsafe.h>
 
 namespace VeraCrypt
 {
@@ -62,6 +63,38 @@ namespace VeraCrypt
 		const char *SrcPos;
 	};
 
+	struct RandInitFailed : public Exception
+	{
+		RandInitFailed (const char *srcPos, DWORD dwLastError) : SrcPos (srcPos), LastError (dwLastError) { }
+
+		void Show (HWND parent) const
+		{
+			char szErrCode[16];
+			StringCbPrintf (szErrCode, sizeof(szErrCode), "0x%.8X", LastError);
+			string msgBody = "The Random Generator initialization failed.\n\n\n(If you report a bug in connection with this, please include the following technical information in the bug report:\n" + string (SrcPos) + "\nLast Error = " + string (szErrCode) + ")";
+			MessageBox (parent, msgBody.c_str(), "VeraCrypt", MB_ICONERROR | MB_SETFOREGROUND);
+		}
+
+		const char *SrcPos;
+		DWORD LastError;
+	};
+
+	struct CryptoApiFailed : public Exception
+	{
+		CryptoApiFailed (const char *srcPos, DWORD dwLastError) : SrcPos (srcPos), LastError (dwLastError) { }
+
+		void Show (HWND parent) const
+		{
+			char szErrCode[16];
+			StringCbPrintf (szErrCode, sizeof(szErrCode), "0x%.8X", LastError);
+			string msgBody = "Windows Crypto API failed.\n\n\n(If you report a bug in connection with this, please include the following technical information in the bug report:\n" + string (SrcPos) + "\nLast Error = " + string (szErrCode) + ")";
+			MessageBox (parent, msgBody.c_str(), "VeraCrypt", MB_ICONERROR | MB_SETFOREGROUND);
+		}
+
+		const char *SrcPos;
+		DWORD LastError;
+	};
+
 	struct TimeOut : public Exception
 	{
 		TimeOut (const char *srcPos) { }
diff --git a/src/Common/Language.xml b/src/Common/Language.xml
index c149b679..c4d93f22 100644
--- a/src/Common/Language.xml
+++ b/src/Common/Language.xml
@@ -526,7 +526,8 @@
     <string lang="en" key="CONFIRM_RESTART">Your computer must be restarted.\n\nDo you want to restart it now?</string>
     <string lang="en" key="ERR_GETTING_SYSTEM_ENCRYPTION_STATUS">An error occurred when obtaining the system encryption status.</string>
     <string lang="en" key="INIT_SYS_ENC">Cannot initialize application components for system encryption.</string>
-    <string lang="en" key="INIT_RAND">Failed to initialize the random number generator!</string>
+    <string lang="en" key="INIT_RAND">Failed to initialize the random number generator!\n\n\n(If you report a bug in connection with this, please include the following technical information in the bug report:\n%hs, Last Error = 0x%.8X)</string>
+    <string lang="en" key="CAPI_RAND">Windows Crypto API failed!\n\n\n(If you report a bug in connection with this, please include the following technical information in the bug report:\n%hs, Last Error = 0x%.8X)</string>
     <string lang="en" key="INIT_REGISTER">Unable to initialize the application. Failed to register the Dialog class.</string>
     <string lang="en" key="INIT_RICHEDIT">Error: Failed to load the Rich Edit system library.</string>
     <string lang="en" key="INTRO_TITLE">VeraCrypt Volume Creation Wizard</string>
diff --git a/src/Common/Password.c b/src/Common/Password.c
index b1584dbe..8014713c 100644
--- a/src/Common/Password.c
+++ b/src/Common/Password.c
@@ -230,7 +230,13 @@ int ChangePwd (const char *lpszVolume, Password *oldPassword, int old_pkcs5, BOO
 	}
 
 	if (Randinit ())
+	{
+		if (CryptoAPILastError == ERROR_SUCCESS)
+			nStatus = ERR_RAND_INIT_FAILED;
+		else
+			nStatus = ERR_CAPI_INIT_FAILED;
 		goto error;
+	}
 
 	SetRandomPoolEnrichedByUserStatus (FALSE); /* force the display of the random enriching dialog */
 
diff --git a/src/Common/Random.c b/src/Common/Random.c
index e8433c27..ae91f2da 100644
--- a/src/Common/Random.c
+++ b/src/Common/Random.c
@@ -60,12 +60,14 @@ HANDLE hNetAPI32 = NULL;
 
 // CryptoAPI
 BOOL CryptoAPIAvailable = FALSE;
+DWORD CryptoAPILastError = ERROR_SUCCESS;
 HCRYPTPROV hCryptProv;
 
 
 /* Init the random number generator, setup the hooks, and start the thread */
 int Randinit ()
 {
+	DWORD dwLastError = ERROR_SUCCESS;
 	if (GetMaxPkcs5OutSize() > RNG_POOL_SIZE)
 		TC_THROW_FATAL_EXCEPTION;
 
@@ -75,6 +77,7 @@ int Randinit ()
 	InitializeCriticalSection (&critRandProt);
 
 	bRandDidInit = TRUE;
+	CryptoAPILastError = ERROR_SUCCESS;
 
 	if (pRandPool == NULL)
 	{
@@ -98,10 +101,13 @@ int Randinit ()
 		handleWin32Error (0);
 		goto error;
 	}
-
-	if (!CryptAcquireContext (&hCryptProv, NULL, NULL, PROV_RSA_FULL, 0)
-		&& !CryptAcquireContext (&hCryptProv, NULL, NULL, PROV_RSA_FULL, CRYPT_NEWKEYSET))
+	
+	if (!CryptAcquireContext (&hCryptProv, NULL, MS_ENHANCED_PROV, PROV_RSA_FULL, CRYPT_VERIFYCONTEXT | CRYPT_SILENT))
+	{		
 		CryptoAPIAvailable = FALSE;
+		CryptoAPILastError = GetLastError ();
+		goto error;
+	}
 	else
 		CryptoAPIAvailable = TRUE;
 
@@ -111,7 +117,9 @@ int Randinit ()
 	return 0;
 
 error:
+	dwLastError = GetLastError();
 	RandStop (TRUE);
+	SetLastError (dwLastError);
 	return 1;
 }
 
@@ -149,6 +157,7 @@ void RandStop (BOOL freePool)
 	{
 		CryptReleaseContext (hCryptProv, 0);
 		CryptoAPIAvailable = FALSE;
+		CryptoAPILastError = ERROR_SUCCESS;
 	}
 
 	hMouse = NULL;
@@ -359,13 +368,19 @@ BOOL RandgetBytesFull ( void* hwndDlg, unsigned char *buf , int len, BOOL forceS
 	if (bDidSlowPoll == FALSE || forceSlowPoll)
 	{
 		if (!SlowPoll ())
+		{
+			handleError ((HWND) hwndDlg, ERR_CAPI_INIT_FAILED);
 			ret = FALSE;
+		}
 		else
 			bDidSlowPoll = TRUE;
 	}
 
 	if (!FastPoll ())
+	{
+		handleError ((HWND) hwndDlg, ERR_CAPI_INIT_FAILED);
 		ret = FALSE;
+	}
 
 	/* There's never more than RNG_POOL_SIZE worth of randomess */
 	if ( (!allowAnyLength) && (len > RNG_POOL_SIZE))
@@ -692,13 +707,24 @@ BOOL SlowPoll (void)
 		CloseHandle (hDevice);
 	}
 
-	// CryptoAPI
-	if (CryptoAPIAvailable && CryptGenRandom (hCryptProv, sizeof (buffer), buffer)) 
+	// CryptoAPI: We always have a valid CryptoAPI context when we arrive here but
+	//            we keep the check for clarity purpose
+	if ( !CryptoAPIAvailable )
+		return FALSE;
+	if (CryptGenRandom (hCryptProv, sizeof (buffer), buffer)) 
+	{
 		RandaddBuf (buffer, sizeof (buffer));
 
-	burn(buffer, sizeof (buffer));
-	Randmix();
-	return TRUE;
+		burn(buffer, sizeof (buffer));
+		Randmix();
+		return TRUE;
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		/* return error in case CryptGenRandom fails */
+		CryptoAPILastError = GetLastError ();		
+		return FALSE;
+	}
 }
 
 
@@ -803,9 +829,21 @@ BOOL FastPoll (void)
 		RandaddBuf ((unsigned char *) &dwTicks, sizeof (dwTicks));
 	}
 
-	// CryptoAPI
-	if (CryptoAPIAvailable && CryptGenRandom (hCryptProv, sizeof (buffer), buffer)) 
+	// CryptoAPI: We always have a valid CryptoAPI context when we arrive here but
+	//            we keep the check for clarity purpose
+	if ( !CryptoAPIAvailable )
+		return FALSE;
+	if (CryptGenRandom (hCryptProv, sizeof (buffer), buffer)) 
+	{
 		RandaddBuf (buffer, sizeof (buffer));
+		burn (buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+	}
+	else
+	{
+		/* return error in case CryptGenRandom fails */
+		CryptoAPILastError = GetLastError ();
+		return FALSE;
+	}
 
 	/* Apply the pool mixing function */
 	Randmix();
diff --git a/src/Common/Random.h b/src/Common/Random.h
index 72427e07..65e793fa 100644
--- a/src/Common/Random.h
+++ b/src/Common/Random.h
@@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ BOOL RandgetBytesFull ( void* hwndDlg, unsigned char *buf , int len, BOOL forceS
 
 extern BOOL volatile bFastPollEnabled;
 extern BOOL volatile bRandmixEnabled;
+extern DWORD CryptoAPILastError;
 
 LRESULT CALLBACK MouseProc ( int nCode , WPARAM wParam , LPARAM lParam );
 LRESULT CALLBACK KeyboardProc ( int nCode , WPARAM wParam , LPARAM lParam );
diff --git a/src/Common/Tcdefs.h b/src/Common/Tcdefs.h
index e177e02c..63dff857 100644
--- a/src/Common/Tcdefs.h
+++ b/src/Common/Tcdefs.h
@@ -301,7 +301,9 @@ enum
 	ERR_SYS_HIDVOL_HEAD_REENC_MODE_WRONG	= 31,
 	ERR_NONSYS_INPLACE_ENC_INCOMPLETE		= 32,
 	ERR_USER_ABORT							= 33,
-	ERR_UNSUPPORTED_TRUECRYPT_FORMAT		= 34
+	ERR_UNSUPPORTED_TRUECRYPT_FORMAT		= 34,
+	ERR_RAND_INIT_FAILED					= 35,
+	ERR_CAPI_INIT_FAILED					= 36
 };
 
 #endif 	// #ifndef TCDEFS_H
diff --git a/src/ExpandVolume/DlgExpandVolume.cpp b/src/ExpandVolume/DlgExpandVolume.cpp
index 966650bb..db2aa9fd 100644
--- a/src/ExpandVolume/DlgExpandVolume.cpp
+++ b/src/ExpandVolume/DlgExpandVolume.cpp
@@ -476,7 +476,10 @@ void ExpandVolumeWizard (HWND hwndDlg, char *lpszVolume)
 	}
 
 	if (Randinit() != ERR_SUCCESS) {
-		nStatus = ERR_PARAMETER_INCORRECT;
+		if (CryptoAPILastError == ERROR_SUCCESS)
+			nStatus = ERR_RAND_INIT_FAILED;
+		else
+			nStatus = ERR_CAPI_INIT_FAILED;
 		goto error;
 	}
 
diff --git a/src/ExpandVolume/ExpandVolume.c b/src/ExpandVolume/ExpandVolume.c
index 65a3740a..1d777a11 100644
--- a/src/ExpandVolume/ExpandVolume.c
+++ b/src/ExpandVolume/ExpandVolume.c
@@ -602,7 +602,13 @@ static int ExpandVolume (HWND hwndDlg, char *lpszVolume, Password *pVolumePasswo
 	}
 
 	if (Randinit ())
-		goto error; // note: nStatus == ERR_OS_ERROR
+	{
+		if (CryptoAPILastError == ERROR_SUCCESS)
+			nStatus = ERR_RAND_INIT_FAILED;
+		else
+			nStatus = ERR_CAPI_INIT_FAILED;
+		goto error;
+	}
 
 	if (!bDevice && bPreserveTimestamp)
 	{
diff --git a/src/Format/Tcformat.c b/src/Format/Tcformat.c
index 80fc6d00..b32ce0ce 100644
--- a/src/Format/Tcformat.c
+++ b/src/Format/Tcformat.c
@@ -9000,7 +9000,15 @@ int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, char *lpszComm
 	nPbar = IDC_PROGRESS_BAR;
 
 	if (Randinit ())
-		AbortProcess ("INIT_RAND");
+	{
+		DWORD dwLastError = GetLastError ();
+		wchar_t szTmp[4096];		
+		if (CryptoAPILastError == ERROR_SUCCESS)
+			StringCbPrintfW (szTmp, sizeof(szTmp), GetString ("INIT_RAND"), SRC_POS, dwLastError);
+		else
+			StringCbPrintfW (szTmp, sizeof(szTmp), GetString ("CAPI_RAND"), SRC_POS, CryptoAPILastError);
+		AbortProcessDirect (szTmp);
+	}
 
 	RegisterRedTick(hInstance);
 
diff --git a/src/Mount/Mount.c b/src/Mount/Mount.c
index 3e567541..fad9d4e9 100644
--- a/src/Mount/Mount.c
+++ b/src/Mount/Mount.c
@@ -8199,7 +8199,10 @@ noHidden:
 
 	if (Randinit() != ERR_SUCCESS)
 	{
-		nStatus = ERR_PARAMETER_INCORRECT; 
+		if (CryptoAPILastError == ERROR_SUCCESS)
+			nStatus = ERR_RAND_INIT_FAILED;
+		else
+			nStatus = ERR_CAPI_INIT_FAILED;
 		goto error;
 	}