Paging files, also called swap files, are used by Windows to hold parts of programs and data files that do not fit in memory. This means that sensitive data, which you believe are only stored in RAM, can actually be written
unencrypted to a hard drive by Windows without you knowing.
Note that VeraCrypt cannot prevent the contents of sensitive files that are opened in RAM from being saved
unencrypted to a paging file (note that when you open a file stored on a VeraCrypt volume, for example, in a text editor, then the content of the file is stored
unencrypted in RAM).
To prevent the issues described above, encrypt the system partition/drive (for information on how to do so, see the chapter
System Encryption) and make sure that all paging files are located on one or more of the partitions within the key scope of system encryption (for example, on the partition where Windows is installed). Note that the last condition is typically met on Windows
XP by default. However, Windows Vista and later versions of Windows are configured by default to create paging files on any suitable volume. Therefore, before, you start using VeraCrypt, you must follow these steps: Right-click the '
Computer'
(or '
My Computer') icon on the desktop or in the
Start Menu, and then select
Properties > (
on Windows Vista or later: >
Advanced System Settings >)
Advanced tab > section
Performance >
Settings > Advanced tab > section
Virtual memory
>
Change. On Windows Vista or later, disable '
Automatically manage paging file size for all drives'. Then make sure that the list of volumes available for paging file creation contains
only volumes within the intended key scope of system encryption (for example, the volume where Windows is installed). To disable paging file creation on a particular volume, select it, then select '
No paging file' and click
Set. When done, click
OK and restart the computer.
Note: You may also want to consider creating a hidden operating system (for more information, see the section
Hidden Operating System).
